Sunday 9 October 2016

Martolian language



Orthography

A a
/a/
I i
/i/
S s
/s/
 â
/aɪ/
K k
/k/
Ş ş
/ʃ/
B b
/b/
L l
/l/
T t
/t/
C c
/ʦ/
M m
/m/
Ŧ ŧ
/θ/
D d
/d/
N n
/n/
U u
/ʊ/
Đ đ
/ð/
O o
/o/
Û û
/oʊ/
E e
/ɛ/
Ô ô
/aʊ/
V v
/v/
F f
/f/
P p
/p/
Y y
/y/
G g
/g/
Q q
/ʧ/
Z z
/z/
H h
/x/
R r
/r/



Syntax

Sentence order is typically VSO, but this can change for interrogatives or when vowel sounds clash – for example, “Where are you from?” – “Mo di at’e?”, which literally translates as “are you of where?”.

Inflection of nouns

Nouns are inflected for definiteness in three forms – indefinite “a”, proximal “this” and distant “that”. Take, for example, the noun “grûş”, meaning “rock”:


Sing
Plu

Sing
Plu
Ind
Grûş
Grûşt
Ind
A rock
(some) rocks
Pro
Grûşe
Grûşen
Pro
This rock
These rocks
Def
Grûşa
Grûşeh
Def
That rock
Those rocks

Inflection patterns

1a
1b
2a
2b
3
-s, -ş, -r, -h, -c, -q, -l, -k, -p, -f
-z –m, -n
-t, - ŧ,
-d, -n, -v, -g, -b
All vowels
-
-t
-
-d
-
-a
-
-an
-
-n
-e
-en
-e
-en
-
-an
-a
-en
-k
-gan
-a
-eh
-a
-ah
-i
-in
-i
-eh
-n
-h

Articles

To indicate the case of the noun, an article often precedes the noun regardless of the definiteness or number:


1 & 3 nouns
2 nouns
Nom (subject)
A
At
Acc (object)
-
A
Dat (“to”)
An
An
Gen (“of”,”from”)
At
At
Ade (“on”)
Am
Am
Sub (“under”)
Ar
Ar

Prepositions, as always, precede these articles.

Class 1 verbs

Infinitive ending: “-ô”

Example: bidcô = to break


Present
Past
Future perfect
Future imperfect
Conditional
1st. sing
Bidca is
Bidcar is
Lil is bidca
Li’s bidcô
Bidcal is
2nd. sing
Bidcot di
Bidcetar di
Lil di bidcot
Lit di bidcô
Bidcol di
3rd. sing
Bidcôt ka/vi
Bidcûtar ka/vi
Lil ka/vi bidcôt
Let ka/vi bidcô
Bidcôl ka/vi
1st. plu
Bidcan nô
Bidcar nô
Lil nô bidcan
Li nô bidcô
Bidcanil nô
2nd. plu
Bidcin dân
Bidcer dân
Lil dân bidcin
Li dân bidcô
Bidcinil dân
3rd. plu
Bidcôk’in (kin)
Bidcor kin
Lil kin bidcok
Lek’in bidcô
Bidcôkil kin

Note: ka = he/it, vi = she

Class 2 verbs

Infinitive ending: “-â”

Example: sadnâ = to grow


Present
Past
Future perfect
Future imperfect
Conditional
1st. sing
Sadni’s
Sadnir is
Lil is’adnt
Li’s sadnâ
Sadnail is
2nd. sing
Sadnit di
Sadnatar di
Lil di sadnit
Lit di sadnâ
Sadnil di
3rd. sing
Sadnet ka/vi
Sadnotar ka/vi
Lil ka/vi sadnet
Let ka/vi sadnâ
Sadnel ka/vi
1st. plu
Sadni nô
Sadnotir nô
Lil nô sadni
Li nô sadnâ
Sadnil nô
2nd. plu
Sadnin dân
Sadnotirn dân
Lil dân sadnin
Li dân sadnâ
Sadninil dân
3rd. plu
Sadnek’in
Sadnar kin
Lil kin sadnek
Lek’in sadnâ
Sadnekil kin

Numerals

1
Oyn
11
Oynşodem
21
Oynşotvilne
2
12
Tûşodem
22
Tûşotvilne
3
Dri
13
Drişodem
30
Drâne
4
Keri
14
Kerşodem
40
Kerâne
5
Âni
15
Ânşodem
50
Anâne
6
16
Zâşodem
60
Zâne
7
Zôn
17
Zônşodem
70
Zoşne
8
Alti (ôti)
18
Alşodem
80
Alâne
9
Nûdi
19
Nolşodem
90
Nolne
10
Đem
20
Tvilne
100
Kûnt

Adjectives & interrogatives

All adjectives, except for those ending in “-y” are inflected in the same way and according to the same pattern as the nouns to which they refer. However, only adjectives pertaining to 1a, 2a, or 3 class nouns are inflected.

The interrogatives are as follows:

-          Kes = what
-          Kem = when
-          Kû = which
-          Kô = who
-          Te = where

Dictionary of various words


-          Adi = you (object)
-          Av = her (object)
-          Bol = ball
-          Bôl = boat
-          Bôyg = mountain
-          Brâ = land, nation
-          Đân = town
-          Gavâ = to live
-          Ilrâ = to love
-          Kat = cat
-          Kelo = hello, greetings
-          Mô = to be, to have
-          Mûr = sea
-          Niz = nose
-          Nô = no/not (precedes verb)
-          Nyomô = to be named
-          Ôy (“ôyn” in plural, the only exception to the indeclinable “y” rule) = all
-          Ôş = white
-          Şo = and
-          Vozâ = to sail
-          Yôn = year
-          Zirg = black